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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a composition comprising two different (meth) acrylic polymers and a multiphase polymer. In particular, the present invention relates to a polymer composition comprising two different (meth) acrylic polymers and a multiphase polymer. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a polymer composition. More particularly, the present invention also relates to a process for preparing a modified impact composition comprising two different (meth) acrylic polymers and a multiphase polymer.
    公开号:FR3053348A1
    申请号:FR1656097
    申请日:2016-06-29
    公开日:2018-01-05
    发明作者:Pierre ESCALE；Pierre Gerard；Aline COUFFIN；Raber Inoubli
    申请人:Arkema France SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [Field of the invention] The present invention relates to a composition comprising two different (meth) acrylic polymers and a multi-phase polymer.
    In particular, the present invention relates to a polymer composition comprising two different (meth) acrylic polymers and a multi-phase polymer. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a polymer composition.
    More particularly, the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a modified impact composition comprising two different (meth) acrylic polymers and a multi-phase polymer.
    [Technical problem] [004] Impact modifiers or shock-absorbing additives are used to a large extent to improve the impact resistance for polymer compositions in order to compensate for their inherent brittleness or the brittleness which appears at room temperature, but also and particularly at temperatures below zero, sensitivity to notching and crack propagation. Thus a reinforced polymer is a polymer material whose impact resistance and solidity have been increased by the incorporation of phase microdomains of an elastomeric material.
    This is usually achieved by the introduction into the polymer matrix of microscopic particles of elastomers which can absorb the energy of an impact or dissipate it. One possibility is to introduce the elastomer particles in the form of core-shell particles. These core-shell particles which very generally have an elastomer core and a polymeric shell, have the advantage of an adequate particle size for the elastomer core for effective hardening and the grafted shell in order to obtain adhesion. and compatibility with the thermoplastic matrix.
    The performance of the impact resistance is a function of the size of the particles, in particular of the elastomeric part of the particle and of its quantity. There is an optimal average particle size to obtain the highest impact strength for a given amount of added impact modifier particles.
    These primary impact modifier particles are generally added in the form of powder particles to the polymer material. These powder particles are agglomerated primary particles of impact modifier. During the homogenization of the thermoplastic material with the powder particles, the primary impact modifier particles are recovered and are more or less homogeneously dispersed in the thermoplastic material.
    [008] While the particle size of the impact modifier particles is in the nanometer range, the range of agglomerated powder particles is in the micrometer range. The latter is much more convenient for handling.
    For many polymers, thermoplastic polymers, but also thermosetting polymers, it is very difficult to correctly disperse these multi-phase polymers in the form of core-shell particles in agglomerated dry powders. An ideal homogeneous dispersion of the core-shell particle does not have agglomerates after the dispersion in the thermoplastic material also called matrix.
    This is even more difficult if the multi-phase polymers have to be distributed homogeneously when they are added in large quantities. Adding large amounts is also problematic when the multi-phase polymer is added to a liquid composition comprising one or more monomers.
    In a liquid composition, the impact modifier particles can swell, which increases their effective volume and finally, considerably increases the viscosity of the liquid composition. To have a liquid composition sufficiently fluid to allow application, it is necessary to limit the amount of impact modifier particles present in the
    3 'liquid composition, which limits or makes insufficient the impact resistance performance.
    The reinforcement of the impact resistance in the case of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is generally improved by the introduction into the acrylic resin of an anti-shock additive, called heart-shell additive, which is provided in the form of particles. multilayer spherical. These particles are prepared by emulsion polymerization during a multi-phase process and are recovered in the form of powder by atomization. They are generally in the form of a sequence of "hard" and "soft" layers. It is therefore possible to find particles with two layers (soft-hard) or three layers (hard-soft-hard), or even more. In the case of molded acrylic sheets, obtained by polymerization of the mixture of monomers in a mold, the anti-shock additive is dispersed in advance in the mixture of monomers. In the case of extruded acrylic sheets, the anti-shock additive is added to the extruder with the acrylic resin. In both cases, it is necessary to correctly disperse the shock-absorbing additive in the acrylic resin in order to maintain an unchanged and homogeneous level of impact resistance.
    The objective of the present invention is to obtain a composition consisting of a first (meth) acrylic polymer, a second (meth) acrylic polymer and a multi-phase polymer, with a homogeneous dispersion of the multi-phase polymer to obtain a composition having a sufficiently high ratio of multi-phase polymer to ensure good impact resistance.
    An objective of the present invention is also to obtain a composition comprising a first (meth) acrylic polymer, a second (meth) acrylic polymer and a multi-phase polymer, with a homogeneous dispersion of the multi-phase polymer, said composition suitable for use in an article manufacturing process with improved impact resistance. Another objective of the present invention is to avoid or significantly reduce the significant agglomeration of the multi-phase polymer in the methacrylic polymer (s).
    An additional objective is the obtaining of a process for the preparation of a composition comprising a first (meth) acrylic polymer, a second (meth) acrylic polymer and a multi-phase polymer, with a homogeneous dispersion of the polymer to multiple phases at a significant level in the methacrylic polymer (s).
    Another objective is the use of the composition comprising a monomer, a (meth) acrylic polymer for the impact modification of polymers and in particular, polymer sheets produced by molded polymerization.
    [Background of the Invention] Prior Art [018] WO2012 / 130595 presents the use of coated moldings comprising polymers of polymethyl methacrylate with modified impact resistance and of high molecular weight as panes for cars passenger or utility vehicles. A composition of the molding is presented, including 0.5 to 35% by weight of at least one core-shell-shell particle as an impact modifier.
    Document WO2012 / 085487 presents the transparent and impact-resistant crosslinked acrylic composition composed of a brittle matrix whose glass transition temperature is greater than 0 ° C. and elastomeric domains with a characteristic dimension less than 100 nm composed macromolecular sequences of a flexible nature with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C., where the elastomeric domains are integrated into a block copolymer manufactured by PRC. No multi-phase polymer is used in this composition.
    No document of the prior art describes such a polymer composition or a process for obtaining it or its use.
    [Brief description of 1 1 invention] [021] Surprisingly, it was found that a polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (PI),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a weight average molecular weight Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, has better dispersion of the phase polymer multiple than a composition which does not contain the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), to the same amount of weight of multi-phase polymer.
    [022] Surprisingly, it has also been found that a polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a weight average molecular weight Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, has better dispersion of the phase polymer multiple than a composition which does not contain the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and a good impact resistance performance.
    [023] Surprisingly, it has also been found that a polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a weight average molecular mass Mw of less than 100
    000 g / mol, can be used to make articles with modified impact resistance.
    [024] Surprisingly, it has also been found that a process for manufacturing a polymer composition comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (PI), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition of the previous step with a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), results in better dispersion of the multi-phase polymer in the composition than a composition which does not contain the (meth) acrylic polymer ( Pi).
    [025] Surprisingly, it has also been found that a process for manufacturing a polymer composition comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pi), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition of the previous step with a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), results in better dispersion with a large amount of the multi-phase polymer in the composition than a composition which does not contain the polymer ( meth) acrylic (Pi).
    [026] Surprisingly, it has also been found that a process for manufacturing a composition comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pi), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition of the previous step with a monomer (Ml), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pi) has a weight average molecular weight Mw of less than
    100,000 g / mol, results in a better dispersion of the multi-phase polymer at a higher level than a composition which does not contain the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), at the same amount of weight of multi-phase polymer .
    [Detailed description of the invention] [027] According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a weight average molecular mass Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol.
    [028] According to a second aspect, the present invention relates to a polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a weight average molecular mass Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol and that the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) ) has a higher mass average molecular weight Mw than that of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl).
    [029] According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a polymer composition comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), whose mass average molecular mass Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition of the previous step with a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2).
    According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a polymer composition comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pi), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition obtained in the previous step with a monomer (Ml) chosen between a (meth) acrylic monomer or a vinyl monomer or a mixture of the two;
    c) polymerization of the monomer (Ml).
    [031] In a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (PI),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2);
    characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) has a mass average molecular weight Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, for manufacturing polymer articles with modified impact resistance.
    The term "polymer powder" as used, denotes a polymer comprising a grain of powder in the range of at least 1 micrometer (pm) obtained by agglomeration of primary polymer comprising particles in the range nanometric.
    The term "primary particle" as used, denotes a spherical polymer comprising particles in the nanometric range. Preferably, the primary particle has an average particle size by weight between 20 nm and 800 nm.
    The term “particle size” as it is used designates the average diameter of the volume of a particle considered to be spherical.
    The term “copolymer” as used, indicates that the polymer is. consisting of at least two different monomers.
    [036] "Multi-phase polymer" as used, denotes a polymer formed sequentially by a multi-phase polymerization process. A preferred method is a multi-phase emulsion polymerization process in which the first polymer is a first phase polymer and the second polymer is a second phase polymer, i.e. the second polymer is formed by polymerization as an emulsion in the presence of the first emulsion polymer.
    The term “(meth) acrylic monomer” as it is used, designates all kinds of acrylic and methacrylic monomers.
    The term “(meth) acrylic polymer” as it is used, indicates that the (meth) acrylic polymer consists essentially of polymers comprising (meth) acrylic monomers which represent up to 50% by weight or more (meth) acrylic polymer.
    The term “impact modifier” as it is used designates a material which, once incorporated in a polymer material, increases the impact resistance and the solidity of this polymer material by phase microdomains of an elastomeric material or of 'an elastomeric polymer.
    The term "elastomer" as used, denotes the thermodynamic state of the polymer above its glass transition. [041] The term “elastomeric polymer” as it is used designates a polymer which has a glass transition temperature (Tg) below 0 ° C.
    [042] As regards the polymer composition of the invention, it comprises a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) whose weight average molecular mass Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol, b) a polymer with multiple phases and c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2).
    [043] The relative amount by weight of the multi-phase polymer in the composition is between 1% and 50% by weight, preferably between 2% and 35% by weight, more preferably between 5% and 30% by weight, ideally between 10% and 30% by weight.
    [044] The relative weight ratio of the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) in the composition is between 0.05% and 36% by weight and preferably between 0.1% and 27% by weight.
    ίο
    The ratio of weight of the two polymers, the phase polymer multiple and the (meth) acrylic polymer ( Pl) gathered, in the composition, represents between 1.05% and 50 % in. weight, of preference between 2.05% and 40% by weight. In one. fashion of production, the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) is the one in
    which the multi-phase polymer is dispersed.
    [046] The composition may also include other compounds, which are not taken into account in the calculation of the weight ratios between the three compounds a), b) and c).
    [047] As regards the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI), it has a weight-average molecular mass Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably less than 90,000 g / mol, more preferably less than 80,000 g / mol, even more preferably less than 70,000 g / mol, advantageously less than 60,000 g / mol, more advantageously less than 50,000 g / mol and even more advantageously less than 40,000 g / mol.
    [048] The (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) has a mass average molecular weight Mw greater than 2,000 g / mol, preferably greater than 3,000 g / mol, more preferably greater than 4,000 g / mol, even more preferably greater than 5,000 g / mol, advantageously greater than 6,000 g / mol, more advantageously greater than 6,500 g / mol and even more advantageously greater than 7,000 g / mol and most advantageously greater than 10,000 g / mol.
    The mass-average molecular weight Mw of the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) is between 2,000 g / mol and 100,000 g / mol, preferably between 3,000 g / mol and 90,000 g / mol and more preferably between 4,000 g / mol and 80,000 g / mol, advantageously between 5,000 g / mol and 70,000 g / mol, more advantageously between 6,000 g / mol and 50,000 g and most advantageously between 10,000 g / mol and 40,000 g / mol.
    [050] Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is a copolymer comprising (meth) acrylic monomers. More preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) is a (meth) acrylic polymer. Even more preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) comprises at least 50% by weight of monomers chosen from C1 to C12 alkyl (meth) acrylates. Advantageously preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) comprises at least 50% by weight of monomers chosen from C1 to C4 alkyl methacrylate and C1 to C8 alkyl acrylate monomers and mixtures thereof. this.
    [051] Preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is between 30 ° C and 150 ° C. The glass transition temperature of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is preferably between 40 ° C and 150 ° C, advantageously between 45 ° C and 150 ° C and ideally between 50 ° C and 150 ° C.
    [052] Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is not crosslinked.
    [053] Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is not grafted onto any other polymer or polymers.
    [054] In a first preferred embodiment, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) comprises from 50% by weight to 100% by weight of methyl methacrylate, preferably from 80% by weight to 100% by weight of methacrylate of methyl, even more preferably from 80% by weight to 99.8% by weight of methyl methacrylate and from 0.2% by weight to 20% by weight of a C1 to C8 alkyl acrylate monomer. The C1 to C8 alkyl acrylate monomer is advantageously chosen from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate.
    [055] In a second preferred embodiment, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) comprises between 0% by weight and 50% by weight of a functional monomer. Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) comprises between 0% by weight and 30% by weight of the functional monomer, more preferably between 1% by weight and% by weight, even more preferably between 2% by weight and 30% by weight, advantageously between 3% by weight and 30% by weight, more advantageously between 5% by weight and 30% by weight and most advantageously between. 5% by weight and 30% by weight.
    12 [056] Preferably, the functional monomer of the second preferred embodiment is a (meth) acrylic acid. The functional monomer has the formula (1) or (2):
    Ri
    Y — R 5
    O
    being chosen from either of the formulas (1) and (2) or CH3; and in formula (1) Y is O, R5 is H or an aliphatic or aromatic having at least one atom which [057] Ri among H radical is not C or H; and in formula (2) Y is N and R4 and / or R3 is H or an aliphatic or aromatic radical.
    [058] Preferably, the functional monomer (1) or (2) is chosen from the group consisting of: (glycidyl meth) acrylate, acrylic or methacrylic acid, amides derived from these acids such as, for example, dimethylacrylamide, acrylate or 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-aminoethyl acrylates or methacrylates which are optionally made quaternary, acrylate or methacrylate monomers comprising a phosphonate or phosphate group, alkyl. imidazolidinone (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylates of polyethylene glycol. Preferably, the polyethylene glycol group of polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylates has a molecular weight ranging from 400 g / mol to 10,000 g / mol.
    [059] As regards the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), it is different from the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI). The difference lies mainly in the mass average molecular weight or in the composition of the polymer, or both. The composition means the monomer composition.
    The (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) has a mass average molecular weight Mw greater than 50,000 g / mol, preferably greater than 60,000 g / mol, more preferably greater than 70
    000 g / mol, even more preferably greater than 80,000 g / mol, advantageously greater than 90,000 g / mol, more advantageously greater than 100,000 g / mol and even more advantageously greater than 105,000 g / mol.
    The mass-average molecular mass Mw of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is between 50,000 g / mol and 20,000
    000 g / mol, preferably between 60,000 g / mol and 20,000,000 g / mol and more preferably between 70,000 g / mol and 20,000,000 g / mol, advantageously between advantageously between
    000 g / mol, plus 000 g / mol, plus one
    A copolymer preferably comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer.
    (meth) acrylic
    Again
    000 g / mol and 15,000 90,000 g / mol and 15,000 advantageously still between 100,000 g / mol and 10,000,000 g / mol and most advantageously between 105,000 g / mol and 10,000,000 g / mol. [062] Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) has a mass average molecular weight Mw greater than that of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl). More preferably, the difference should be at least 10,000 g / mol, even more preferably 20,000 g / mol.
    [063] Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) is (meth) acrylic monomers.
    (meth) acrylic (P2) is more preferably a polymer, the polymer (P2) comprises at least 50% by weight of monomers chosen from C1 to C12 alkyl (meth) acrylates. Advantageously preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) comprises at least 50% by weight of monomers chosen from C1 to C4 alkyl methacrylate and C1 to C8 alkyl acrylate monomers and mixtures thereof. this.
    [064] Preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) is between 60 ° C and 150 ° C. The glass transition temperature of the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) is more preferably between 40 ° C. and 150 ° C., advantageously between 45 ° C. and 150 ° C. and more advantageously between 50 ° C. and 150 ° C.
    [065] The (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) can also be crosslinked.
    When the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) is crosslinked, it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the abovementioned limits in terms of mass average molecular weight interval Mw do not apply.
    [066] The multi-phase polymer according to the invention has at least two phases which are different in their polymer composition.
    [067] The multi-phase polymer is preferably in the form of polymer particles considered to be spherical particles. These particles are also called core-shell particles. The first phase forms the heart, the second or all subsequent phases form the respective barks.
    [068] As regards the polymer particle according to the invention, which is the primary particle, it has an average particle size by weight of between 15 nm and
    900 nm. Preferably, the average particle size in
    weight of the polymer is understood Between 20 nm and 800 nm, more preferably between 25 nm and 600 nm, again more preferably between 30 nm in 550 nm, again more preferably between 35 nm and 500 nm, advantageously Between
    nm and 400 nm, even more advantageously between 75 nm and 350 nm and advantageously between 80 nm and 300 nm. The primary polymer particles can be agglomerated, giving a polymer powder comprising either the multi-phase polymer or the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) and the multi-phase polymer.
    [069] The polymer particle is obtained by a multi-phase process such as a process comprising two, three or more than three phases.
    The polymer particle has a multilayer structure comprising at least one layer (A) comprising a polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C and another layer (B) comprising a polymer (Bl ) having a glass transition temperature above 30 ° C.
    [071] In a first preferred embodiment, the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C. is the outer layer of the polymer particle having the multilayer structure.
    [072] In a second preferred embodiment, the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C. is an intermediate layer of the polymer particle having the multilayer structure, before the polymer to multiple phases is brought into contact with the monomer (Ml).
    [073] Preferably, phase (A) is the first phase and phase (B) comprising the polymer (B1) is grafted onto phase (A) comprising the polymer (Al) or another intermediate layer. First phase means that phase (A) comprising the polymer (Al) is carried out before phase (B) comprising the polymer (B1).
    The polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C in the layer (A) is never produced during the last phase of the multi-phase process. This means that the polymer (Al) is never in the outer layer of the multilayer structure particle. The polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C in the layer (A) is either in the core of the polymer particle or in one of the inner layers.
    [075] Preferably, the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. in the layer (A) is produced during the first phase of the multi-phase process forming the core for the polymer particle having the structure with multiple layers and / or before the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature greater than 60 ° C. Preferably, the polymer (Al) has a glass transition temperature below -5 ° C, more preferably below -15 ° C, advantageously below -25 ° C.
    In a first preferred embodiment, the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature greater than 60 ° C. is produced during the last phase of the multi-phase process forming the outer layer of the polymer particle having the structure with multiple layers.
    [077] In a second preferred embodiment, the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C. is an intermediate layer of the polymer particle having the multilayer structure, is produced during 'a phase after the polymer (Al) formation phase of the multi-phase process.
    [078] There could be an additional intermediate layer or layers obtained by an intermediate phase or intermediate phases.
    [079] The glass transition temperature Tg of the respective polymers can be estimated for example by dynamic methods such as thermomechanical analysis.
    To obtain a sample of the respective polymers (Al) and (Bl), they can be prepared alone and not by a multi-phase process, to more easily estimate and measure the glass transition temperature Tg of the respective polymers of the phases respective.
    [081] As regards the polymer (Al), in a first embodiment, it is a (meth) acrylic polymer comprising at least 50% by weight of alkyl acrylate monomers.
    [082] More preferably, the polymer (Al) comprises a comonomer or comonomers which are copolymerizable with the alkyl acrylate, provided that the polymer (Al) has a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C.
    The comonomer or comonomers in the polymer (Al) are preferably chosen from (meth) acrylic monomers and / or vinyl monomers.
    [084] The (meth) acrylic comonomer in polymer (Al) comprises monomers chosen from C1 to C12 alkyl (meth) acrylates. Even more preferably, the (meth.) Acrylic comonomer in the polymer (Al) comprises C1 to C4 alkyl methacrylate monomers and / or C1 to C8 alkyl acrylate monomers.
    [085] More preferably, the acrylic or methacrylic comonomers of the polymer (Al) are chosen from the group consisting of: methyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate ethyl, butyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof, provided that the polymer (Al) has a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C.
    Preferably, the polymer (Al) is crosslinked. This means that a crosslinking agent is added to the other monomer or to the other monomers. A crosslinking agent comprises at least two groups which can be polymerized. [087] In a specific embodiment, the polymer (Al) is a homopolymer of butyl acrylate.
    [088] In another specific embodiment, the polymer (Al) is a copolymer of butyl acrylate and at least one crosslinking agent. The crosslinking agent has less than 5% by weight of this copolymer.
    [089] More preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer (Al) of the first embodiment is between -100 ° C and 0 ° C, even more preferably between -100 ° C and -5 ° C, advantageously between -90 ° C and -15 ° C and more advantageously between -90 ° C and 25 ° C.
    [090] As regards the polymer (Al), in a second embodiment, the polymer (Al) is. a polymer based on silicone elastomer. Silicone,. for example, is polydimethylsiloxane. More preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer (Al) of the second embodiment is between -150 ° C and 0 ° C, more preferably between -145 ° C and -5 ° C, advantageously between 140 ° C and -15 ° C and more advantageously between -135 ° C and -25 ° C. As regards the polymer (Al), in a third embodiment, the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C. comprises at least 50% by weight of polymer units originating from 1 1 isoprene or butadiene and phase (A) is the innermost layer of the polymer particle having the multilayer structure. In other words, phase (A) comprising the polymer (Al) is the heart of the polymer particle.
    [092] By way of example, the polymer (Al) of the core of the second embodiment, mention may be made of isoprene homopolymers or butadiene homopolymers, isoprene-butadiene copolymers, copolymers isoprene with at most 98% by weight of a vinyl monomer and butadiene copolymers with at most 98% by weight of a vinyl monomer. The vinyl monomer can be styrene, an alkylstyrene, acrylonitrile, an alkyl (meth) acrylate or butadiene or isoprene. In one embodiment, the core is a butadiene homopolymer.
    [093] More preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer (Al) of the third embodiment comprising at least 50% by weight of polymer units originating from isoprene or butadiene is between -100 ° C and 0 ° C, even more preferably between -100 ° C and -5 ° C, advantageously between 90 ° C and -15 ° C and even more advantageously between -90 ° C and 25 ° C.
    [094] With regard to the polymer (B1), mention may be made of homopolymers and copolymers comprising monomers with double bonds and / or vinyl monomers. Preferably, the polymer (B1) is a (meth) acrylic polymer.
    [095] Preferably, the polymer (B1) comprises at least 70% by weight of monomers chosen from alkyl (meth) acrylates in
    Cl to C12. Even more preferably, the polymer (B1) comprises at least 80% by weight of C1 to C4 alkyl methacrylate monomers and / or of C1 to C8 alkyl acrylate monomers.
    The polymer (B1) can be crosslinked.
    [097] Ideally, the acrylic or methacrylic monomers of the polymer (B1) are chosen from the group consisting of: methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methacrylate
    methyl, methacrylate ethyl, methacrylate butyl and of mixtures of these, however that the polymer (Bl) have a glass transition temperature at least 30 ° C. Advantageously, the polymer (Bl) includes at less 50 % in
    by weight, more advantageously at least 60% by weight and even more advantageously at least 70% by weight of monomer units originating from methyl methacrylate.
    Preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer (B1) is between 30 ° C and 150 ° C. The glass transition temperature of the polymer (B1) is more preferably between 50 ° C and 150 ° C, even more preferably between 70 ° C and 150 ° C, advantageously between 90 ° C and 150 ° C and more advantageously between 90 ° C and 130 ° C.
    In another embodiment, the multi-phase polymer as described above has an additional phase, which is the (meth) acrylic (PI) polymer. The primary polymer particle according to this embodiment of the invention has a multilayer structure comprising at least one phase (A) comprising a polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C and at least one phase (B ) comprising a polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature greater than
    30 ° C and at least one phase (P) comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) having a glass transition temperature between 30 ° C and 150 ° C.
    Preferably, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is not grafted onto any of the polymers (Al) or (B1).
    As regards the process for the manufacture of the multi-phase polymer according to the invention, it comprises the steps of:
    a) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (Am) to obtain at least one layer (A) comprising the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C.
    b) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or of a mixture of monomers (B m ) to obtain a layer (B) comprising a polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C. the monomer or the mixture of monomers (A m ) and the monomer or mixture of monomers (B m ) are chosen from the monomers according to the composition of the polymer (Al) and of the polymer (B1) given above.
    Preferably, step a) is carried out before step b). More preferably, step b) is carried out in the presence of the polymer (Al) obtained in step a), if there are only two phases. Advantageously, the process for manufacturing the multi-phase polymer composition according to the invention is a multi-step process comprising the successive steps of
    a) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (Am) to obtain at least one layer (A) comprising the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C.
    b) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (B m ) to obtain a layer (B) comprising a polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C.
    The respective monomers or mixtures of monomers (A m ) and (Bm) to form the layers (A) and (B) respectively comprising the polymers (Al) and (Bl) respectively and the characteristics of the respective polymers (Al ) and (Bl) are the same as those defined above.
    The method for manufacturing the multi-phase polymer may include additional steps for additional phases between steps a) and b).
    The method for manufacturing the multi-phase polymer can also include additional steps for additional phases before steps a) and b). A seed could be used for polymerization by emulsion polymerization of the monomer or of the mixture of monomers (A m ) to obtain the layer (A) comprising the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. The seed is preferably a thermoplastic polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least 20 ° C.
    The multi-phase polymer is obtained in the form of an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles. The solid content of the dispersion is between 10% by weight and 65% by weight.
    (meth) acrylic polymer (meth) acrylic [010 9] As regards the process for the manufacture of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) according to the invention, it comprises the step of polymerization of the respective (meth) acrylic monomers (Pl m ). The respective (meth) acrylic monomers (Plm) are the same as those defined previously for the polymer (Pl) and the two preferred embodiments of the IPI).
    The (meth) acrylic (Pl) homopolymer or copolymer could be produced according to a batch or semi-continuous process:
    for the batch process, the mixture of monomers is introduced in a single addition just before or after the introduction of the initiator system or a part thereof for the semi-continuous process, the mixture of monomers is added in several times or continuously, in addition to the initiator addition (the initiator is also added in batches or continuously) during a defined period of addition which could be in the range of 30 to 500 minutes.
    The process for preparing the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) and the multi-phase polymer comprises two preferred embodiments.
    In a first preferred embodiment of the process, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is polymerized in the presence of the multi-phase polymer. The (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is produced as an additional phase of the multi-phase polymer.
    In a second preferred embodiment of the process, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is polymerized separately and mixed or combined with the multi-phase polymer.
    As regards the process according to the first preferred embodiment for the preparation of the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and the multi-phase polymer, it comprises the steps of
    c) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or of a mixture of monomers (A m ) to obtain a layer in phase (A) comprising the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C,
    d) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (B m ) to obtain a layer in phase (B) comprising a polymer (Bl) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° VS,
    e) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (Pl m ) to obtain a layer in this additional phase comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a mass average molecular weight Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol. Preferably, step a) is carried out before step b). More preferably, step b) is carried out in the presence of the polymer (Al) obtained in step a).
    Advantageously, the process for manufacturing the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and the multi-phase polymer is a multi-step process and comprises the consecutive steps of
    f) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (A m ) to obtain a layer in phase (A) comprising the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C,
    g) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (Bm) to obtain a layer in phase (B) comprising a polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C. ,
    h) polymerization by emulsion polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers (Pim) to obtain a layer in this additional phase comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a mass average molecular weight Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol. The respective monomers or mixtures of monomers (A m ), (B m ) and (Pim) to form the layers (A), (B) and the additional phase respectively comprising the polymers (Al), (Bl) and (Pl) respectively, are the same as those defined above. The characteristics of the polymers (Al), (Bl) and (Pl) respectively, are the same as those defined above.
    Preferably, the process for manufacturing the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pi) and the multi-phase polymer comprises the additional step d) of recovery of this polymer composition.
    By recovery is meant a partial or complete separation between the aqueous phase and the solid phase, the latter comprising the polymer composition.
    According to the invention, the recovery of the polymer composition is more preferably carried out by coagulation or by spray drying.
    Spray drying is the preferred process for the recovery and / or drying for the process for manufacturing a polymer powder composition if the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C comprises at at least 50% by weight of polymer units originating from the alkyl acrylate and phase (A) is the innermost layer of the polymer particle having the multilayer structure.
    Coagulation is the preferred process for recovery and / or drying for the manufacturing process for a polymer powder composition according to the present invention if the polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 10 ° C. comprises at least 50% by weight of polymer units originating from isoprene or butadiene and phase (A) is. innermost layer of the polymer particle having the multilayer structure.
    The method of manufacturing the polymer composition according to the invention can optionally comprise the additional step e) of drying the polymer composition.
    [0125] Preferably, the drying step e) is carried out if the step
    d) recovery of the polymer composition is carried out by coagulation.
    Preferably, after the drying step e), the polymer composition comprises less than 3% by weight, more preferably less than 1.5% by weight, advantageously less than 1% of moisture or water .
    The humidity of a polymer composition can be measured with a thermobalance.
    The drying of the polymer can be carried out in an oven or a vacuum oven with heating of the composition for 48 hours at 50 ° C.
    As regards the method according to the second preferred embodiment for preparing the composition of polymers comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) and the multi-phase polymer, it comprises the steps of
    a) mixture of the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) and the multi-phase polymer
    b) recovery of the mixture obtained from the previous step in the form of a polymer powder, the (meth) acrylic (PI) polymer and the multi-phase polymer of step a) being in the form of a dispersion in aqueous phase .
    The amounts of the aqueous dispersion of the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) and of the aqueous dispersion of the multi-phase polymer are chosen so that the weight ratio of the multi-phase polymer based on the solid fraction only in the mixture obtained is at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight and advantageously at least 50% by weight.
    The amounts of the aqueous dispersion of the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1) and of the aqueous dispersion of the multi-phase polymer are chosen so that the weight ratio of the multi-phase polymer based on the solid fraction only in the mixture obtained is at most 99% by weight, preferably at most 95% by weight and more preferably at most 90% by weight.
    The amounts of the aqueous dispersion of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and of the aqueous dispersion of the multi-phase polymer are chosen so that the weight ratio of the multi-phase polymer based on the solid fraction only in the mixture obtained is between 5% by weight and 99% by weight, preferably between 10% by weight and 95% by weight and more preferably between 20% by weight and 90% by weight. The recovery step b) of the process for manufacturing the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and the multi-phase polymer is preferably carried out by coagulation or by spray drying.
    The method of manufacturing the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and the multi-phase polymer may optionally include the additional step c) for drying the polymer composition. Dry means that the polymer composition according to the present invention contains less than 3% by weight of moisture and preferably less than 1.5% by weight of moisture and more preferably less than 1.2% by weight of 'humidity.
    The humidity can be measured by a thermobalance which heats the polymer composition and measures the weight loss. The method of manufacturing the polymer composition comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (-P1) and the multi-phase polymer preferably gives a polymer powder. The polymer powder of the invention is in the form of particles. A polymer powder particle comprises primary particles of agglomerated polymers produced by a multi-phase process and the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI).
    As regards the polymer powder comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and the multi-phase polymer according to the two embodiments of the preparation process, it has an average particle size by volume D50 of between 1 pm and 500 pm. Preferably, the average particle size by volume of the polymer powder is between 10 μm and 400 μm, more preferably between 15 μm and 350 μm and advantageously between 20 μm and 300 μm.
    The D10 of the distribution of the particle size by volume is at least 7 μm and preferably 10 μm.
    The D90 of the distribution of the particle size by volume is at most 950 μm and preferably 500 μm, more preferably at most 400 μm.
    The weight ratio r of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) relative to the multi-phase polymer is at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 7% by weight and even more preferably at least minus 10% by weight.
    According to the invention, the ratio r of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) relative to the multi-phase polymer is at most 95% by weight.
    Preferably, the weight ratio of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) relative to the multi-phase polymer is between 5% by weight and 95% by weight and preferably between 10% by weight and 90% by weight .
    With regard to the process for manufacturing the polymer composition of the invention, there are two preferred processes.
    The first preferred method of manufacturing the polymer composition of the invention comprises the following steps of
    c) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    d) mixing the composition of the previous step with a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2).
    The preparation of the composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer, has been described previously .
    The mixing is preferably carried out by homogenization. Homogenization can be carried out, for example, in an extruder.
    The composition obtained by the first preferred method of manufacturing the polymer composition can be in the form of powder or beads or granules, which can be further processed, for example into articles.
    The second preferred method of manufacturing the polymer composition of the invention comprises the steps of
    e) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    f) mixing the composition obtained in the preceding step with a monomer (Ml) chosen between a (meth) acrylic monomer or a vinyl monomer or a mixture of the two;
    g) polymerization of the monomer (Ml).
    The polymerization of the monomer (Ml) produces the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2).
    Before the polymerization of step c), an initiator can be added to the composition of step b). In one embodiment, an initiator must be added to the composition.
    The preparation of the composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), of which '1a. mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and a multi-phase polymer has been previously described.
    Before the polymerization, a liquid composition is obtained in step b).
    As regards the monomer (Ml), it is a liquid monomer at least in the temperature range between 0 ° C and 60 ° C. The (meth) acrylic monomer (Ml) comprises a C = C carbon double bond.
    Preferably, the monomer (Ml) is chosen from a (meth) acrylic monomer or a vinyl monomer or a mixture of the two. The monomer (Ml) according to the invention is a monomer which is a solvent for the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl). In other words, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is soluble in the monomer (Ml).
    Soluble means that over a certain period of time, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) in contact with the thermodynamically compatible monomer (Ml) is dissolved and that a solution of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) in the monomer (Ml) is obtained. The solubility of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) in the monomer (Ml) can be tested simply by mixing the two compounds with stirring at 25 ° C. For those skilled in the art, solvents comprising monomers such as the monomer (Ml) for a large number of polymers are known. On the other hand, the solubility parameter values are given for a large number of polymers and solvents, the latter including a large number of monomers for example in Polymer Handbook (4th edition) Ed. J. Brandrup, EH Immergut and EA Grulke; Pub. : John Wiley and Sons Inc. 1999, Chapter “Solubility Parameter Value” by Eric A. Gulke VII / 675 to VII / 714.
    The monomer (Ml) is preferably chosen from (meth) acrylic monomers and mixtures of the latter or with the latter, comprising in the latter case at least 50% in (Ml) is more preferably methacrylic acid , weights of (meth) acrylic monomers in the mixture. If the (meth) acrylic monomer (Ml) is a mixture of several monomers, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is soluble in the mixture comprising the (meth) acrylic monomer (s) (Ml ) The (meth) acrylic monomer chosen from acrylic acid, acrylic alkyl monomers, alkyl methacrylic monomers and mixtures thereof.
    Even more preferably, the (meth) acrylic monomer (Ml) is chosen from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkyl acrylic monomers, methacrylic alkyl monomers and mixtures thereof, the alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbons, being either linear, branched or cyclic; preferably, the alkyl group has 1 to 12 carbons, being either linear, branched, or cyclic.
    Advantageously, the (meth) acrylic monomer (Ml) is chosen from the group consisting of: methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, n acrylate -butyl, iso-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, iso-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.
    In a first most advantageous embodiment, at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight of the (meth) acrylic monomer (Ml) is methyl methacrylate.
    In a second most advantageous embodiment, at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight and advantageously at least 80% by weight and even more advantageously 90% by weight of the (meth) acrylic monomer (Ml) is a mixture of methyl methacrylate with alkyl acrylate containing a C1 to C4 alkyl group.
    The liquid composition obtained in step b) of the second preferred method of manufacturing the polymer composition of the invention is less viscous than a composition not comprising the (meth) acrylic polymer (P1).
    The liquid composition of step b) of the manufacture of the polymer composition of the invention can be used to prepare a large quantity of better dispersed multi-phase polymer instead of a composition not comprising the polymer ( meth) acrylic (Pi).
    The liquid composition has a dynamic viscosity at 20 ° C between 10 mPa.s and 200,000 mPa.s at a shear rate of 1 s -1 .
    The second preferred method for manufacturing the polymer composition of the invention includes a method for preparing molded sheets made of (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) which are reinforced against impact using a polymer with multiple phases and which also include the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI).
    The method comprises the following phases:
    1. Preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    2. Composition comprising a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) whose mass average molecular mass Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and a multi-phase polymer 1 with the monomer (Ml), for example methyl methacrylate and optionally a crosslinking agent, optionally at least one M comonomer and at least one radical initiator;
    3. Molding of the mixture obtained during phase 2 in a mold, then heating according to a temperature cycle in order to obtain a molded sheet.
    As regards the radical initiator, it can be chosen from dialkyl peroxides, peroxyesters, dialkyl peroxides, peroxyacetals or azo compounds. Acceptable radical initiators are, for example, isopropyl carbonate, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, caproyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, tert-2-ethylhexanoate -butyl, cumyl hydroperoxide, 1,1-di (tert-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butyl peroxyisobutyrate, tert-butyl peracetate, tert-butyl perpivalate, amyl perpivalate, 1,1-di (t-amylperoxy) cyclohexane, tert-butyl peroctoate, azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN), azodiisobutyramide,
    2,2 '-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 4,4'-azobis (acid
    4-cyanopentanoic) or 1,1 '-azobis (cyanocyclohexane).
    The use of a mixture of radical initiators chosen from the above list would not depart from the scope of the invention. The preferred radical initiator is 1,1-di (tamylperoxy) cyclohexane.
    The content of the radical initiator with regard to the monomers of the molded mixture varies from 100 to 2000 ppm by weight and is preferably between 200 and 1000 ppm by weight. This content may vary depending on the application and the target thickness. The sheet has a thickness between 0.5 mm and 300 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 200 mm.
    The sheets manufactured in accordance with the present invention can be used as windows, .antibruit walls, flat screens and other objects of this type or can be transformed into different articles by thermoforming, cutting, polishing, adhesive bonding or folding. These sheets can be used in particular for making sanitary equipment (baths, sinks, shower trays and the like). In this case, the sheets are thermoformed in a manner known to a person skilled in the art.
    Yet another aspect of the present invention relates to the manufacture of polymeric articles with improved impact resistance.
    [Evaluation Procedures] [0175] Viscosity Measurements
    The viscosity is measured with an MCR 301 rheometer by Anton Paar. Duvet geometry is used. The temperature is 20 ° C and with a shear rate from 0.1 s-1 to 100 s-1.
    Glass transition temperature
    The glassy (Tg) transitions of the polymers are measured with equipment capable of carrying out a thermomechanical analysis. An RDAII analyzer "RHEOMETRICS DYNAMIC ANALYSER" proposed by Rheometrics Company was used. The thermomechanical analysis measures precisely the viscoelastic changes of a sample as a function of the temperature, the stress or the applied deformation. The device records continuously. the deformation of the sample, keeping the stress fixed, during a controlled temperature variation program.
    The results are obtained by plotting, as a function of the temperature, the elastic modulus (G '), the loss modulus and the tan delta. The Tg is the highest temperature value read in the tan delta curve, when the derivative of tan delta is equal to zero.
    Molecular mass
    The mass average molecular mass (Mw) of the polymers is measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC).
    Analysis of the particle size
    The particle size of the primary particles after the multi-phase polymerization is measured with a Zetasizer.
    The particle size of the polymer powder after recovery is measured with a Mastersizer 3000 Malvern from MALVERN.
    To estimate the average powder particle size by weight, the particle size distribution and the fine particle ratio, a Mastersizer 3000 Malvern device with 300 mm optics, measuring a range from 0.5 to 880 pm is used.
    [Examples] The synthesis of the multi-phase polymer (core-shell particles) is carried out according to the example of sample 1 of
    WO2012 / 038441 for obtaining a multi-phase polymer CS1 (A) comprising a polymeric lower glass transition polymer with multiple phases. The is obtained. It comprises a phase (Al) having a temperature of at 0 ° C (consisting essentially of butyl acrylate) and a phase (B) comprising a polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C ( essentially consisting of methyl methacrylate). The multi-phase polymer (CS1) thus obtained is kept as an aqueous dispersion for later use.
    The synthesis of a type of (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is carried out according to two embodiments: first, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is polymerized in the presence of the multi-phase polymer CS1. The (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is produced as an additional phase of the multi-phase polymer CS. And in a second embodiment, the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is polymerized separately and mixed or combined with the multi-phase polymer after the polymerization of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has ended.
    Comparative Example 1: The multi-phase polymer CS1 is dried and mixed with methyl methacrylate (MMA) at 20 ° C. with stirring so that 20% by weight of CS1 relative to MMA is present in the liquid composition.
    Example 1: The (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) is produced as an additional third phase of the multi-phase polymer CS1. The weight-average molecular mass of the (meth) acrylic polymer Pl is M w = 28,000 g / mol. The dried polymer composition comprising the three phases is mixed with methyl methacrylate (MMA) at 20 ° C with stirring so that 20% by weight of CS1 + P1 relative to MMA are present in the liquid composition.
    Example 2: The dried polymer composition comprising the three phases as in Example 1 is mixed with methyl methacrylate (MMA) at 20 ° C with stirring so that 25% by weight of CS1 + P1 relative to MMA are present in the liquid composition.
    The viscosity of the respective liquid compositions is measured.
    Table 1 - viscosity results
    Example. Sample Dynamic viscosity at 20 ° C [Pa * s] at 1 s- 1 Solid contentpolymers(CS1 + P1) in thecomposition[% in weight] Examplecomparison 1 With polymerwith phasesmultiple 5.3 2 0 Example 1 With polymerwith phasesmultiple andPl 1.4 20 Example 2 With polymerwith phasesmultiple andPl 12.4 25
    As illustrated in Table 1, a relatively high quantity of multi-phase polymer in the form of core-shell particles can be introduced into the liquid composition, at the same time containing the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl), while the viscosity.
    The core-shell particles can be introduced at 20% by weight and more.
    The liquid compositions of Examples 1 and 2 can be used in a molded sheet process for manufacturing molded sheets with modified impact resistance.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Polymer composition comprising
    a) a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl),
    b) a multi-phase polymer and
    c) a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2), characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a weight average molecular mass Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) has a mass-average molecular mass Mw situated between 5000 g / mol and 70,000 g / mol.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) has a weight average molecular mass Mw greater than 50,000 g / mol, preferably greater than 60,000 g / mol, more preferably greater than 70,000 g / mol, even more preferably greater than 80,000 g / mol, advantageously greater than 90,000 g / mol, more advantageously greater than 100,000 g / mol and even more advantageously greater than 105,000 g / mol.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) 'has a weight average molecular mass Mw greater than that of the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) and more preferably the difference is at least 10,000 g / mol.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the glass transition temperature Tg of the (meth) acrylic polymer (P2) is between 60 ° C and 150 ° C.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the multi-phase polymer comprises
    a) a phase (A) comprising a polymer (Al) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C.
    b) a phase (B) comprising a polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature of at least 30 ° C.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Composition according to Claim 6, characterized in that the phase (A) is the first phase and the phase (B) comprising the polymer (B1) is grafted onto the phase (A) comprising the polymer (Al).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Composition according to any one of claims 6 to 7 characterized in that the polymers (Al) and (Bl) are acrylic or methacrylic polymers.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Composition according to any one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that the polymer (Al) comprises at least 50% by weight of polymer units originating from isoprene or butadiene.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) comprises at least 50% by weight of monomers chosen from C1 to C12 alkyl (meth) acrylates .
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) comprises from 50% by weight to 100% by weight of methyl methacrylate, preferably 80% by weight to 100% by weight of methyl methacrylate, even more preferably from 80% by weight to 99.8% by weight of methyl methacrylate and from 0.2% by weight to 20% by weight of alkyl acrylate monomer in Cl to C8.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) comprises between 0% by weight and 50% by weight of a functional monomer.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the (meth) acrylic polymer (PI) comprises between 1% by weight and 30% by weight of a functional monomer.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Composition according to claim 12 or 13., characterized in that the functional comonomer is chosen from the group consisting of: (glycidyl meth) acrylate, acrylic or methacrylic acid, the amides derived from these acids, such as, p> ar example, dimethylacrylamide, 2methoxyethyl acrylate or methacrylate, the 2 aminoethyl acrylates or methacrylates are optionally made quaternary, acrylate or methacrylate monomers comprising a phosphonate or phosphate group, (alkyl meth) acrylates imidazolidinone, (meth) acrylates of polyethylene glycol. Preferably, the polyethylene glycol group of polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylates has a molecular weight ranging from 400 g / mol to 10,000 g / mol.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. A method of manufacturing a polymer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (PI), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition of the previous step with a (meth) acrylic polymer (P2).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. A method of manufacturing a polymer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the steps of
    a) preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (PI), whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer,
    b) mixing the composition obtained in the previous step with a monomer (Ml) chosen between a (meth) acrylic monomer or a vinyl monomer or a mixture of the two;
    c) polymerization of the monomer (Ml).
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. The method of claim 16, characterized in that the mixed liquid has a dynamic viscosity at 20 ° C between 10 mPa.s and 200,000 mPa.s at a shear rate of 1 s -1 .
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. The method of claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the initiator is also added to the composition of step b).
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    19. A method of manufacturing a polymer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the following phases:
    1. preparation of a composition consisting of a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and of a multi-phase polymer;
    2. composition comprising a (meth) acrylic polymer (Pl) whose mass average molecular weight Mw is less than 100,000 g / mol and a multi-phase polymer 1 with the monomer (Ml), for example polymethyl methacrylate and optionally a crosslinking agent, optionally at least one M comonomer and at least one radical initiator;
    3. molding of the mixture obtained during phase 2 in a mold, then heating according to a temperature cycle in order to obtain a molded sheet.
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    20. Use of the polymer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14 or obtained by the process according to any one of claims 15 to 19, for the manufacture of polymeric articles with modified impact resistance.
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    FR3097866A1|2021-01-01|A composition comprising a compound having two polymerizable groups, a multistage polymer and a thermoplastic polymer, its method of preparation, its use and article comprising the same
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2019522710A|2019-08-15|
    WO2018002259A1|2018-01-04|
    CN109642068A|2019-04-16|
    FR3053348B1|2020-03-27|
    US20190211198A1|2019-07-11|
    EP3478764A1|2019-05-08|
    US10920062B2|2021-02-16|
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    法律状态:
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    2018-01-05| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180105 |
    2018-05-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-05-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-05-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-11-05| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: TRINSEO EUROPE GMBH, CH Effective date: 20210921 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1656097|2016-06-29|
    FR1656097A|FR3053348B1|2016-06-29|2016-06-29|COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MULTI-PHASE POLYMER AND TWO DIFFERENTACRYLIC POLYMERS, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND ARTICLE THEREOF|FR1656097A| FR3053348B1|2016-06-29|2016-06-29|COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MULTI-PHASE POLYMER AND TWO DIFFERENTACRYLIC POLYMERS, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND ARTICLE THEREOF|
    PCT/EP2017/066199| WO2018002259A1|2016-06-29|2017-06-29|Composition comprising a multistage polymer and two differentacrylic polymers, its method of preparation and article comprising it|
    JP2018568821A| JP2019522710A|2016-06-29|2017-06-29|Composition comprising a multi-stage polymer and two differentacrylic polymers, a process for its production, and an article comprising said composition|
    CN201780053251.8A| CN109642068A|2016-06-29|2017-06-29|Composition, preparation method comprising more grades of polymers and two kinds of differenceacrylic acid series polymeric compounds and include its product|
    US16/311,775| US10920062B2|2016-06-29|2017-06-29|Composition comprising a multistage polymer and two different acrylic polymers, its method of preparation and article comprising it|
    EP17733475.2A| EP3478764A1|2016-06-29|2017-06-29|Composition comprising a multistage polymer and two differentacrylic polymers, its method of preparation and article comprising it|
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